Robert S. BENNETT, Clinton Climate Initiative, William J. Clinton Foundation, États-Unis

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Marilyn BROWN, Professor of Energy Policy, School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, États-Unis

Titre

Green Building: Progress, Potential, and Possibilities

Résumé

This talk begins by charting the substantial gains made over the past several decades in improving the energy efficiency of buildings in the United States. It then describes how energy is used today in buildings and reviews four assessments of how much more energy efficiency is available and worth buying. Progress toward the goal of net-zero energy homes is characterized, and a number of promising building innovations are described including integrated heat pump systems, phase change materials, and hybrid solar lighting. The talk concludes that targeting green buildings is a no regrets strategy for mitigating climate change. However, technology advances are needed to sustain the pipeline of innovations, and new and reformed policies are needed to accelerate the market penetration of green buildings.

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Simon KNIGHT, Président-directeur général, Climate Change Central (C3), Canada

Monsieur Knight a agit à titre de modérateur de la session.

Bernard SAINT-ANDRÉ, Directeur de la Stratégie, Dalkia, France

Buildings account for some 40% of final energy consumption in Europe and represent a key lever for taking action against climate change between now and 2050. Today, I want to give you the viewpoint of an energy company, involved in both developing new concepts and solutions and in managing real-world situations day in, day out.
The most innovative concept is clearly that of the eco-neighbourhood, with carbon-neutral new buildings. We are positioned as a developer of energy management solutions for these projects, which require a deep political commitment from the community; the ability to organise available space and integrate homes, recreational facilities and workplaces; highly professional private partners bound by strict regulations (such as France's HQE® approach); and long-term management that guarantees users a steady level of performance.
That said, since buildings generally last for at least a century, 70% of those still erect in 2050 will obviously have been built before 2007. This means that the real challenge lies in upgrading existing buildings and the way they are managed to achieve an energy efficiency level that meets Kyoto's objective (France's objective is to divide greenhouse gas emissions by a factor of four by 2050).
The first step involves improving the energy efficiency of heating and cooling systems. We work on this task every day, with a commitment to achieving energy savings of 15% to 20%. To do this, we upgrade facilities, introduce energy management systems, and take other practical measures.
The second step entails offering solutions to manage energy demand. These include insulating roofs and walls-a move that can deliver energy savings of 10% to 20% in the first case and 10% to 15% in the second-and installing solar water heaters (for a 70% reduction in domestic hot water costs), heat pumps, earthtubes and other devices. These programmes can be carried out on a BOT basis so that customers do not have to pay the whole cost up front. With these solutions, we can cut energy spending in commercial buildings by 40% to 50% and in homes by 60%.
Of course, these buildings need to be supplied with energy. Experience shows that urban heating and cooling networks remain the most efficient and environmentally friendly solution. Contrary to popular belief, these networks are highly technological systems. Not only are huge central boilers more efficient and better managed than a myriad of individual facilities, but they can also leverage an energy mix that includes such renewable resources as geothermal energy, biomass and household waste. This has the advantage of offering both supply security and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Further out, urban networks will be able to integrate carbon capture and storage solutions-something that would be impossible with fragmented installations. Already, they can be combined with power generation systems. These large, centralised facilities do not remove all responsibility from end users. On the contrary, they make it possible to inform and educate network customers directly about energy saving behaviours. To give an example, we increasingly deploy technical solutions to personalise expenses, with individual metres so that customers can manage their own home environment.
Heating networks are the best way to transform existing neighbourhoods into something close to eco-neighbourhoods, with comprehensive energy management that can considerably reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
To meet the targets set for 2050, we need to start now and take broad-based measures targeting newbuilding and new neighbourhoods, as well as existing buildings for which 50% to 80% of current CO2 emissions can be avoided through a combination of energy demand management techniques and neighbourhood heating networks.

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William M. SISSON, Directeur, Sustainability, UTRC, Co-Président WBCSD Buildings Project, United Technologies Corporation, États-Unis

Titre

Energy Efficiency in Buildings:  Business Realities and Opportunities

A World Business Council for Sustainable Development Project for a World Where Buildings Consume Zero Net Energy

Résumé

The presentation will include a discussion of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development Energy Efficiency in Buildings (EEB) project which will provide a comprehensive action plan to industry to reach broad market adoption of zero net energy buildings by 2050 timeframe.  The Project is based on market research studies, mining current facts and trends, developing plausible future scenarios, employing quantitative analytical modeling, and benchmarking / profiling existing projects.   Launched in 2006, the EEB Project is co-chaired by United Technologies Corporation and Lafarge and is joined by 10 leading Global 500 Corporations in the building and energy sectors.   The project's key results, reported in the recently published WBCSD EEB Facts and Trends Summary Report, will be presented on key market misperceptions that shape current financial mechanisms and institutional barriers, the impact of holistic technical approaches, and behaviors and awareness that drive building energy use.  Additionally, the importance of policies that shape the implementation of effective codes and standards for the building and related equipment industries will be discussed.   Insights gathered from the Project’s on-going global scenario development activities will be presented that begin to describe how key mechanisms in the future will drive change in the building sector.   Finally, the project will announce the launch of an annual survey to assemble and classify best in class examples to highlight and track industry progress.

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