Ana Cristina BARROS, Représentante du Brésil, The Nature Conservancy, Brésil

Federica BIETTA, Directrice adjointe, Coalition des Nations des Forêts Tropicales, États-Unis

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Werner KURZ, Chercheur principal, Changement mondial et écologie du paysage, Ressources naturelles Canada, Service canadien des forêts, Canada

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Robert Nasi
Biographie

Robert NASI, Chercheur principal, Écologie forestière tropicale, écologie du paysage, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) et Chef d’Unité de recherche Ressources forestières et Politiques publiques, CIRAD, France

Titre

Role of forestry in maintaining and expanding forest-based carbon sinks

Résumé

Land-use change through deforestation is a significant source of carbon emissions and an active contributor to global warming. Deforestation is estimated to have contributed 1.6GtC to 5.9 GtC per year in the 1990s. This represents about one fifth of current global carbon emissions, which is more than what comes from the fossil fuel-intensive global transport sector. Deforestation emissions from Brazil and Indonesia alone are equivalent to the entire reduction commitment of the Annex 1 countries during the first commitment period. In addition, another 20% global carbon emissions are originating from other land-use, e.g. agriculture. Finding ways to maintain terrestrial C pools and to reduce carbon emissions from land-use change will be key elements in the future negotiations on the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol which expires in 2012. This could have large-scale implications on forestry sector, land-use and rural livelihoods in many developing countries.

The new climate governance regime and post 2012 negotiations bring avoided deforestation into the international agenda. The key issues to be discussed and decided include:

(i.) Developing policy guidelines on how countries with very different forest and economic conditions could engage with and benefit from a carbon offset compensation regime - taking into consideration land ownership and access rights, equity and benefit sharing, rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, and institutions;

(ii.) Developing standardized, widely accepted, credible, and scientifically sound methodologies for measuring and monitoring reduced emissions from deforestation and other land-use change. Such methodologies should be cost-effective to attract wide participation of countries harboring significant amount of forested area storing carbon in their biomass;

(iii.) Broadening of the sustainable forest management concept to include maintaining and increasing forest carbon pools as an explicit additional objective, and developing methods to manage forests more effectively for multiple goods and services, including carbon sequestration.

There is a need to further reinforce measures aimed at increasing terrestrial carbon pools by promoting afforestation and reforestation through Clean Development Mechanism or other relevant mechanisms. Promoting tree and forest planting can be a win-win option in many cases, by simultaneously producing goods and services for local livelihoods and industries on one hand, and carbon sequestration services for climate change mitigation on the other. There are also possible synergies between carbon sequestration and adaptation measures, e.g., through afforestation of vulnerable areas, watersheds, and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

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Robert PROLMAN, Directeur, International Environmental Affairs, Environment, Health and Safety, Weyerhaeuser, États-Unis

Monsieur Prolman a agit à titre de modérateur de la session.